Kang Fu

Multi-Objective Intelligent Optimization of Excavation and Support for Super-Large Cross-Section Small Clear Spacing Tunnels in Urban Sensitive Areas: An Integrated Study of Numerical Simulation and Machine Learning

Coastal subsea tunnels often traverse shallow heterogeneous strata, creating significant deformation risks. Deformation control is therefore essential for safe urban construction. This study integrates FLAC3D, SSA-LSSVM, and NSGA-II for multi-objective excavation-support optimiza...