K. Lieuw

Oral Nicotine Pouch Use and Associations with Periodontal Status and Salivary Microbiome Dysbiosis

OBJECTIVES: Oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) are increasing in use, yet data on potential oral health effects are scarce. We evaluated whether ONP use is associated with clinical periodontal measures and salivary microbiome dysbiosis in a field-based regional sample. We recruited fir...