Joanna Wojtas

When analgesics are not enough for postpartum perineal pain—a scoping review of the non-pharmacological, conservative therapies

Postpartum perineal pain affects up to 90% of women, with 37% reporting moderate to severe pain. Assisted delivery, episiotomy, and lacerations increase pain and medication use. Management includes pharmacological treatments like paracetamol, opioids, and non-steroidal anti-infla...