Jiemei Luo

Financing Innovation, Extracting Rent: Real-Estate Financialization and the Limits of Barcelona’s 22@BCN Innovation District

This study examines 22@Barcelona (22@BCN), a widely cited case in the development of innovation districts. Initially conceived as a means of transforming Poblenou from a post-industrial area into a knowledge-economy hub, 22@BCN also formed part of Barcelona’s broader trajectory o...