Jiang Li

Advances in Aerobic Exercise for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Insights

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to right heart failure and death in severe cases. PAH is classified as Group 1 pulmonary hypertension (PH). Although Group...

The liver-heart-lung axis in pulmonary arterial hypertension: bidirectional mechanisms, prognostic biomarkers, and clinical integration

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is increasingly recognized as a systemic disorder. Liver involvement in PAH is common, ranging from subclinical cholestatic abnormalities and impaired synthetic function to congestive hepatopathy and cardiac cirrhosis, and these changes close...