Ibrahim Antoun

Superior Vena Cava Perforation During Atrial Lead Implantation in a Patient With Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot: a Case Report

Abstract Background Superior vena cava (SVC) injury during pacemaker implantation is rare, with most cases reported during lead extraction rather than placement. In adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD), unexpected resistance during lead advancement requires immediate reass...