Hilal Sena Esen

Serum CXCL-10 and CTLA-4 levels in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B: associations with EASL-based clinical phenotypes, histological inflammatory activity, and non-invasive fibrosis indices

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major global health issue, as ongoing viral replication can drive hepatic inflammation and immune dysregulation, increasing the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. CXCL-10, a proinflammatory chemokine, and CTLA-4, an inhibitory immune ch...