Hidenori Endo

Proposal of a champagne bottle neck sign grading system reflecting advanced Suzuki stage and hemodynamic compromise in patients with Moyamoya disease

The champagne bottle neck sign (CBNS) is regarded as a characteristic finding of the cervical internal carotid artery in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD). However, there is no universal definition, and its clinical significance remains unclear. Here, we aimed to propose a nov...