Hengte Xing

Procyanidin C1 activates Nrf2/HO-1 to preserve in vivo mitochondrial homeostasis and counter chondrocyte senescence in osteoarthritis

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is driven in part by chondrocyte senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic inflammation, yet disease-modifying therapies that directly target these ageing mechanisms are lacking. Here, we identify the grape-seed-derived polyphenol procyanidin...