Hee Sook Lee-Niinioja

Monsters at the Threshold: Bestiary Creatures and Folkloric Imagery in Romanesque Cloisters and St Bernard’s Criticism

This paper examines monstrous creatures and folkloric motifs in Romanesque cloisters, connecting with St Bernard’s Apologia (1125). Hybrid entities populate cloisters, disrupting the visual tranquillity of sacred architecture and provoking enquiries about their symbolism. The ‘mo...