Hamid Khoshdast

Flotation Kinetics Beyond the First-Order Paradigm: A Multi-Scale, Heterogeneity-Aware Framework for Coal and Complex Minerals

For nearly a century, flotation kinetics has relied on deterministic first-order rate equations treating the cell as a homogeneous reactor, a paradigm that inherently fails for heterogeneous ores, especially coal, whose organic macerals, porosity, and oxidation susceptibility def...