G.B. Altynbayeva

Factors associated with spontaneous and iatrogenic preterm birth in Kazakhstan: implications for subtype–specific surveillance and prevention

Background Preterm birth (PTB) remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Distinguishing spontaneous preterm birth (SPB) from iatrogenic preterm birth (IPB) is important because these subtypes differ in their clinical characteristics and may require di...