Flavia Riccio

Childhood-onset Sjögren disease : clinical phenotype compared with adult-onset disease, disease course and treatment patterns in a nationwide Italian multicentre pediatric cohort

Childhood-onset Sjögren disease (cSjD) is a rare autoimmune disease with an incompletely characterized phenotype, limited longitudinal data, no validated classification criteria, and limited evidence to guide treatment. To compare the clinical and serological phenotype of childho...

Difficult-to-treat systemic lupus erythematosus: from refractory disease to a multidimensional clinical trajectory

Difficult-to-treat (D2T) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is increasingly recognised in clinical practice but is still conceptually underdeveloped. In contrast to rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, for which formal D2T frameworks have been proposed, SLE still lacks a...