Ethan J. Crumlin

Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry for Characterization of Ir-Based Catalysts for PEM Water Electrolyzers

Abstract Iridium-based catalysts remain essential for enabling durable oxygen evolution in proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs), yet their surface and subsurface chemistries remain insufficiently resolved by conventional characterization methods. Here, we establi...

Mechanistic Study of CO2 Reduction in a Metal Nanoparticle/Ligand-Based Nanoconfined Pocket

Abstract Electrochemically reducing CO2 holds promise for producing value-added chemicals. Achieving this requires electrocatalysts with high selectivity and energy efficiency. Nanopocket engineering enhances catalytic activity by modulating interfacial reactivity and stabilizing...

Operando Monitoring of InterfacialChemistries and Potentials on Ni-Rich NCM811 Using Ambient PressureX-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Abstract Ni-rich layered transition metal (TM) oxides, such as Li1+x[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]1–xO2 (NCM811), are widely used as state-of-the-art cathode active materials (CAMs) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). At high Ni-contents, however, these materials suffer from surface instability,...