Ergun Gunduz

When the Introducer Becomes the Limiting Factor: A Technical Note on a Simple Modification to Facilitate Spinal Anesthesia With Pencil-Point Needles in Morbidly Obese Patients

Morbid obesity is associated with increased skin-to-dura distance, which may complicate spinal anesthesia using standard-length pencil-point spinal needles. We describe a simple technical modification developed during spinal anesthesia in a parturient with a body mass index of 40...