Ercan Emin Cihan

Observing the observers of projects: reconceptualizing the PMO through a von Foersterian second-order cybernetics lens

Purpose This conceptual study examines how an AI-enabled Project Management Office (A-PMO) can be understood as a second-order observing system rather than merely as an instrument that observes and controls projects. Drawing primarily on Heinz von Foerster and positioning his wor...