Effat Yasmin

Financial development, institutional quality and income inequality: an empirical analysis across developing countries

Purpose This article investigates the role of institutional quality in shaping the link between financial development and income inequality across a sample of 52 developing countries over 1990–2015 using a system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator. Design/methodology/a...

Determinants of Out-of-pocket health expenditure: cross-country evidence across World Bank income groups

BACKGROUND Out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditure remains a major barrier to achieving Universal Health Coverage, yet limited evidence exists on whether its determinants differ systematically across World Bank income groups. This study examines the macroeconomic and health financ...