Ding-Ek Toh

High-power spray coagulation as knife-based hemostasis improves procedural efficiency in colorectal underwater endoscopic submucosal dissection

Underwater endoscopic submucosal dissection (UESD) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional techniques, offering advantages for colorectal neoplasms. However, intraoperative bleeding in the fluid field remains a major challenge, often disrupting procedural rhythm an...