Cyrus Jalili

Protodioscin mitigates cyclophosphamide-induced renal toxicity in HEK-293 cells by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, antioxidant defense, and apoptotic pathways

Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent with well-established efficacy; however, its clinical use is limited by dose-dependent adverse effects, particularly nephrotoxicity. Protodioscin (Prot), a bioactive saponin derived from plants of the Dioscoreaceae fa...