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Co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and coffee husk produces NPK-enriched biochar with improved carbon stability indicators

Sewage sludge (SS) is a nutrient-rich waste, but it typically yields biochars with high ash content, low K concentration, and limited C stability. In contrast, coffee husk (CH) is a lignocellulosic residue rich in K and organic carbon. This study evaluated how co-pyrolysis of SS...