Chuangjie Wang

Residual Modulation Frequency Induced Phase-Drift Noise in Photoacoustic Ring-Down Spectroscopy

Abstract Photoacoustic ringdown spectroscopy (PARS) provides a transient readout route for rapid photoacoustic sensing, but its stability is limited by low-frequency amplitude fluctuations that are not fully explained by conventional laser-power drift, detector noise, or environm...