Chiao-Hsuan Chao

Transcriptional analysis of co-stimulatory molecules in ankylosing spondylitis

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease where T-cell dysregulation plays a pivotal role. A balance of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules governs the activation of T cells. This study aimed to investigate the mRNA expression profiles of the...