Charlotte Teixeira Costa

Risk assessment of PRRSV-1 MLV vaccine strains transmission via residual presence in intramuscular syringes and needle-free injection devices

Abstract Background Transmission of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) may occur through both direct and indirect routes. Hematogenous transmission of PRRSV has been described from infected to susceptible pigs via repeated use of the same needle with...