Charlene Hopper

Use of Hypnosis for Intra-Articular Steroid Injections in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Objectives Intra-articular steroid (IAS) injections are a common treatment for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) but can cause anxiety in children, particularly due to needle fear. To facilitate cooperation, general anesthesia is often used for younger children or those requiri...