Bin Liu

Implementing a New Mixing-Length Constraint in Operational HAFS v2.2 Upgrade: Impacts on Tropical Cyclone Intensity Forecast

This study introduces a physics-based dynamic constraint for the asymptotic allowable mixing length, implemented in the latest upgrade of NOAA’s operational Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS) v2.2. Replacing conventional fixed-value caps, the new constraint varies as a...