Benil Nesli Ata

Comparison of Kinesiophobia, Upper Limb Function, and Grip Strength in Patients with Pacemakers and Coronary Artery Disease

BACKGROUND: To compare kinesiophobia, shoulder range of motion (ROM), functional disability, and handgrip strength (HGS) between patients with cardiac pacemakers and those with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 60 individuals aged...