Ángela Martín-Méndez

Beyond carrying capacity: A system dynamics reinterpretation of Calhoun’s Universe 25 experiment and its relevance to managed animal populations

Calhoun’s Universe 25 experiment remains a significant and contested case study of population growth, crowding, social disruption and reproductive decline in a protected mouse population. Although commonly interpreted as evidence of physical overpopulation, its central implicatio...