Aml Ramadan Abdelgalil Assaf

Effect of a structured nurse-led empowerment protocol on knowledge, practical skills, and self-care behaviours among patients with permanent pacemakers: a quasi-experimental study

Abstract Background Patients with permanent pacemakers frequently demonstrate insufficient knowledge and inadequate self-care behaviours, which increase the risk of avoidable post-implantation complications. Structured, theory-informed empowerment protocols may improve these outc...