Ali Gökçen Özdem

Bitlis Front and Mustafa Kemal Pasha's Commandership of 16th Army Corps during the First World War

Following the defeat at Sarıkamış on the Eastern Front during the First World War, the front was virtually left to its fate. The fall of Erzurum to Russian forces on 18 February 1916, and the subsequent expansion of operations toward Iraq and the Mediterranean, finally alerted th...