Alaaeldin Hodhod

Intravascular Lithotripsy for Calcified Vascular Lesions: Mechanisms, Techniques, Clinical Applications, and Future Directions

Vascular calcification complicates endovascular intervention by reducing vessel compliance, impairing device delivery and expansion, and increasing the risk of suboptimal procedural outcomes. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) has emerged as a calcium-modification strategy that uses...