Abdullah Açık

Spillover transmission and return connectedness in the post-IMO 2020 ERA global VLSFO bunker market: Evidence from the Diebold–Yılmaz framework

This study examined return connectedness and spillover transmission among ten major VLSFO bunker hubs in the post-IMO 2020 era. Using daily log return data from 12 June 2023 to 12 June 2026 and the Diebold–Yılmaz connectedness framework, the study identified the system-wide, dire...